------------[ cut here ]------------
percpu ref (css_release) <= 0 (-2443) after switching to atomic
WARNING: lib/percpu-refcount.c:197 at percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480, CPU#0: systemd/1
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Tainted: G        W           6.17.0-rc3-next-20250829 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) 
Tainted: [W]=WARN
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480
Code: 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 f9 48 c1 e9 03 80 3c 01 00 0f 85 9e 00 00 00 49 8b 75 e8 48 c7 c7 80 97 e2 84 e8 75 c5 e9 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 2b ff ff ff e8 f6 de 5f ff e9 9e fe ff ff e8 7c df
RSP: 0018:ffff88806ce08e20 EFLAGS: 00010286
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff8139de70
RDX: ffff8880094f8000 RSI: ffffffff8139de7e RDI: 0000000000000001
RBP: 7ffffffffffff674 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed100d9c4801
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff88800e77f900
R13: ffff88800e77f920 R14: 0000000000000002 R15: 0000000000000003
FS:  00007f2a22e7d900(0000) GS:ffff8880e55dd000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007fe85c9d2000 CR3: 000000000ef55000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>
 rcu_core+0x7c8/0x1800
 handle_softirqs+0x1b1/0x770
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x20
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x70/0x80
 </IRQ>
 <TASK>
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20
RIP: 0010:unwind_next_frame+0x17b2/0x2540
Code: 00 0f 85 f5 0b 00 00 49 8d 7f 08 49 8b 5f 48 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 c8 0b 00 00 <49> 8d 7f 10 49 8b 6f 08 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 fa 48
RSP: 0018:ffff888009547860 EFLAGS: 00000246
RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffff888009547f30 RCX: 0000000000000001
RDX: 1ffff110012a8f1b RSI: ffff888009547f18 RDI: ffff8880095478d8
RBP: ffff888009547f48 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffff888009547910
R10: 000000000003be53 R11: 0000000000027919 R12: ffff888009547930
R13: ffff888009547918 R14: ffff888009547f18 R15: ffff8880095478d0
 arch_stack_walk+0x86/0xf0
 stack_trace_save+0x8e/0xc0
 kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50
 kasan_record_aux_stack+0x89/0xa0
 __call_rcu_common.constprop.0+0x70/0x960
 dentry_free+0xc3/0x160
 __dentry_kill+0x498/0x5f0
 shrink_dentry_list+0x13d/0x650
 shrink_dcache_parent+0x1c4/0x590
 vfs_rmdir.part.0+0x27c/0x5e0
 do_rmdir+0x325/0x420
 __x64_sys_rmdir+0xc7/0x110
 do_syscall_64+0xbf/0x360
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f2a2364cbb7
Code: 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d d9 d2 0c 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 b8 54 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d a9 d2 0c 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
RSP: 002b:00007ffebb6763d8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000054
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00005597b47fae70 RCX: 00007f2a2364cbb7
RDX: 00007f2a2371abe0 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 00005597b47fbe80
RBP: 00007f2a23a3b351 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000001
R10: 0000000000000100 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 00007f2a22e7d6c8 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000001
 </TASK>
irq event stamp: 5968778
hardirqs last  enabled at (5968788): [<ffffffff81541b18>] __up_console_sem+0x78/0x80
hardirqs last disabled at (5968797): [<ffffffff81541afd>] __up_console_sem+0x5d/0x80
softirqs last  enabled at (5967350): [<ffffffff813bafcc>] handle_softirqs+0x50c/0x770
softirqs last disabled at (5967775): [<ffffffff813bb364>] __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88800e77f900 pointer offset 0 size 64
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88800ecf5a00 pointer offset 0 size 64
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
   0:	00 0f                	add    %cl,(%rdi)
   2:	85 f5                	test   %esi,%ebp
   4:	0b 00                	or     (%rax),%eax
   6:	00 49 8d             	add    %cl,-0x73(%rcx)
   9:	7f 08                	jg     0x13
   b:	49 8b 5f 48          	mov    0x48(%r15),%rbx
   f:	48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 	movabs $0xdffffc0000000000,%rax
  16:	fc ff df
  19:	48 89 fa             	mov    %rdi,%rdx
  1c:	48 c1 ea 03          	shr    $0x3,%rdx
  20:	80 3c 02 00          	cmpb   $0x0,(%rdx,%rax,1)
  24:	0f 85 c8 0b 00 00    	jne    0xbf2
* 2a:	49 8d 7f 10          	lea    0x10(%r15),%rdi <-- trapping instruction
  2e:	49 8b 6f 08          	mov    0x8(%r15),%rbp
  32:	48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 	movabs $0xdffffc0000000000,%rax
  39:	fc ff df
  3c:	48 89 fa             	mov    %rdi,%rdx
  3f:	48                   	rex.W