__x64_sys_mkdir+0xf3/0x140
 do_syscall_64+0xbf/0x360
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
------------[ cut here ]------------
percpu ref (css_release) <= 0 (-2452) after switching to atomic
WARNING: lib/percpu-refcount.c:197 at percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480, CPU#0: systemd/1
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: systemd Tainted: G        W           6.17.0-rc4-next-20250901 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) 
Tainted: [W]=WARN
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480
Code: 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 f9 48 c1 e9 03 80 3c 01 00 0f 85 9e 00 00 00 49 8b 75 e8 48 c7 c7 c0 99 e2 84 e8 25 ac e9 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 2b ff ff ff e8 56 de 5f ff e9 9e fe ff ff e8 dc de
RSP: 0018:ffff88806ce08e20 EFLAGS: 00010286
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff8139de70
RDX: ffff8880094f8000 RSI: ffffffff8139de7e RDI: 0000000000000001
RBP: 7ffffffffffff66b R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed100d9c4801
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff88803c3b0180
R13: ffff88803c3b01a0 R14: 0000000000000002 R15: 0000000000000003
FS:  00007f234854c900(0000) GS:ffff8880e55d8000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 000055a6fd5a7768 CR3: 000000000c27f000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>
 rcu_core+0x7c8/0x1800
 handle_softirqs+0x1b1/0x770
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x20
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x70/0x80
 </IRQ>
 <TASK>
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20
RIP: 0010:lock_acquire+0x5b/0x2f0
Code: 30 31 c0 66 90 65 8b 05 e7 a3 32 06 89 c0 48 0f a3 05 f9 d7 f1 04 0f 82 3a 01 00 00 8b 35 d1 e3 f1 04 85 f6 0f 85 84 00 00 00 <48> 8b 44 24 30 65 48 2b 05 90 a3 32 06 0f 85 6e 02 00 00 48 83 c4
RSP: 0018:ffff888009547920 EFLAGS: 00000206
RAX: 0000000000000001 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 4b952e4da9267483
RDX: 00000000915d54c6 RSI: 000000005e406224 RDI: 0000000000104185
RBP: ffffffff85c1c760 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000001 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000002
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000200
 is_module_text_address+0x32/0x100
 kernel_text_address+0x35/0xc0
 __kernel_text_address+0xd/0x40
 unwind_get_return_address+0x59/0xa0
 arch_stack_walk+0x9c/0xf0
 stack_trace_save+0x8e/0xc0
 kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50
 kasan_record_aux_stack+0x89/0xa0
 __call_rcu_common.constprop.0+0x70/0x960
 kmem_cache_free+0x33a/0x540
 __fput+0x67b/0xb50
 fput_close_sync+0x10f/0x240
 __x64_sys_close+0x8f/0x120
 do_syscall_64+0xbf/0x360
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f2348d1a6eb
Code: 0f 05 48 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 45 c3 0f 1f 40 00 48 83 ec 18 89 7c 24 0c e8 a3 56 f9 ff 8b 7c 24 0c 41 89 c0 b8 03 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 35 44 89 c7 89 44 24 0c e8 e1 56 f9 ff 8b 44
RSP: 002b:00007ffdb55a6ac0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000003
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f234854c6c8 RCX: 00007f2348d1a6eb
RDX: 000000000000000f RSI: 0000000000000007 RDI: 0000000000000017
RBP: 0000000000000017 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 000055a6fd5a79e0
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000002
R13: 00007ffdb55a6b80 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000001
 </TASK>
irq event stamp: 5912152
hardirqs last  enabled at (5912160): [<ffffffff81541b18>] __up_console_sem+0x78/0x80
hardirqs last disabled at (5912169): [<ffffffff81541afd>] __up_console_sem+0x5d/0x80
softirqs last  enabled at (5910632): [<ffffffff813bafcc>] handle_softirqs+0x50c/0x770
softirqs last disabled at (5911175): [<ffffffff813bb364>] __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88803c3b0180 pointer offset 0 size 64
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88800d571400 pointer offset 0 size 64
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88800ccfee00 pointer offset 0 size 64
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
   0:	30 31                	xor    %dh,(%rcx)
   2:	c0 66 90 65          	shlb   $0x65,-0x70(%rsi)
   6:	8b 05 e7 a3 32 06    	mov    0x632a3e7(%rip),%eax        # 0x632a3f3
   c:	89 c0                	mov    %eax,%eax
   e:	48 0f a3 05 f9 d7 f1 	bt     %rax,0x4f1d7f9(%rip)        # 0x4f1d80f
  15:	04
  16:	0f 82 3a 01 00 00    	jb     0x156
  1c:	8b 35 d1 e3 f1 04    	mov    0x4f1e3d1(%rip),%esi        # 0x4f1e3f3
  22:	85 f6                	test   %esi,%esi
  24:	0f 85 84 00 00 00    	jne    0xae
* 2a:	48 8b 44 24 30       	mov    0x30(%rsp),%rax <-- trapping instruction
  2f:	65 48 2b 05 90 a3 32 	sub    %gs:0x632a390(%rip),%rax        # 0x632a3c7
  36:	06
  37:	0f 85 6e 02 00 00    	jne    0x2ab
  3d:	48                   	rex.W
  3e:	83                   	.byte 0x83
  3f:	c4                   	.byte 0xc4