misc raw-gadget: fail, usb_gadget_register_driver returned -16 ------------[ cut here ]------------ percpu ref (free_ioctx_reqs) <= 0 (0) after switching to atomic WARNING: lib/percpu-refcount.c:197 at percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480, CPU#1: syz-executor.4/4121 Modules linked in: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 4121 Comm: syz-executor.4 Tainted: G W 6.17.0-rc4-next-20250901 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) Tainted: [W]=WARN Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014 UDC core: USB Raw Gadget: couldn't find an available UDC or it's busy RIP: 0010:percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480 Code: 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 f9 48 c1 e9 03 80 3c 01 00 0f 85 9e 00 00 00 49 8b 75 e8 48 c7 c7 c0 99 e2 84 e8 25 ac e9 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 2b ff ff ff e8 56 de 5f ff e9 9e fe ff ff e8 dc de RSP: 0018:ffff88806cf08e20 EFLAGS: 00010286 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff8139de70 RDX: ffff8880141f3700 RSI: ffffffff8139de7e RDI: 0000000000000001 RBP: 8000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed100d9e4801 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff88800d516080 R13: ffff88800d5160a0 R14: 0000000000000002 R15: 0000000000000003 FS: 00005555853c3400(0000) GS:ffff8880e56d8000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f3430c8c544 CR3: 000000003cd24000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0 Call Trace: rcu_core+0x7c8/0x1800 handle_softirqs+0x1b1/0x770 __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100 misc raw-gadget: fail, usb_gadget_register_driver returned -16 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x20 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x70/0x80 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 RIP: 0010:_raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x34/0x50 Code: c7 18 53 48 89 f3 48 8b 74 24 10 e8 16 a5 93 fc 48 89 ef e8 4e f0 93 fc 80 e7 02 74 06 e8 e4 07 be fc fb 65 ff 0d 6c 4c c6 02 <74> 07 5b 5d e9 33 23 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 5b 5d e9 27 23 00 00 0f RSP: 0018:ffff888016c77de0 EFLAGS: 00000286 RAX: 0000000000000085 RBX: 0000000000000286 RCX: ffffffff817c3ab6 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffffff84be33bc RBP: ffffffff85d09560 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000001 R10: ffffffff8643b457 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff88801ba4c400 R13: 0000000000001000 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 0000000000000286 __create_object+0x59/0x80 kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x414/0x690 getname_flags.part.0+0x48/0x540 getname_flags+0x95/0xe0 __x64_sys_symlink+0x58/0x90 do_syscall_64+0xbf/0x360 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f3430c0c427 Code: 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 bc ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 b8 58 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 c7 c1 bc ff ff ff f7 d8 64 89 01 48 RSP: 002b:00007fff5bb99538 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000058 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f3430c0c427 RDX: 00007fff5bb99617 RSI: 00007f3430c67019 RDI: 00007fff5bb99600 RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00007fff5bb993d0 R10: 00007fff5bb99287 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000001 R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 00007fff5bb99600 irq event stamp: 796 hardirqs last enabled at (804): [] __up_console_sem+0x78/0x80 hardirqs last disabled at (813): [] __up_console_sem+0x5d/0x80 softirqs last enabled at (0): [] copy_process+0x1e58/0x73c0 softirqs last disabled at (135): [] __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88800d516080 pointer offset 0 size 64 loop0: detected capacity change from 0 to 126 ---------------- Code disassembly (best guess), 1 bytes skipped: 0: 18 53 48 sbb %dl,0x48(%rbx) 3: 89 f3 mov %esi,%ebx 5: 48 8b 74 24 10 mov 0x10(%rsp),%rsi a: e8 16 a5 93 fc callq 0xfc93a525 f: 48 89 ef mov %rbp,%rdi 12: e8 4e f0 93 fc callq 0xfc93f065 17: 80 e7 02 and $0x2,%bh 1a: 74 06 je 0x22 1c: e8 e4 07 be fc callq 0xfcbe0805 21: fb sti 22: 65 ff 0d 6c 4c c6 02 decl %gs:0x2c64c6c(%rip) # 0x2c64c95 * 29: 74 07 je 0x32 <-- trapping instruction 2b: 5b pop %rbx 2c: 5d pop %rbp 2d: e9 33 23 00 00 jmpq 0x2365 32: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1) 37: 5b pop %rbx 38: 5d pop %rbp 39: e9 27 23 00 00 jmpq 0x2365 3e: 0f .byte 0xf