__x64_sys_mkdir+0xf3/0x140
 do_syscall_64+0xbf/0x360
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
------------[ cut here ]------------
percpu ref (css_release) <= 0 (-2431) after switching to atomic
WARNING: lib/percpu-refcount.c:197 at percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480, CPU#1: systemd-udevd/112
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 112 Comm: systemd-udevd Tainted: G        W           6.17.0-rc3-next-20250829 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) 
Tainted: [W]=WARN
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu+0x3cc/0x480
Code: 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 89 f9 48 c1 e9 03 80 3c 01 00 0f 85 9e 00 00 00 49 8b 75 e8 48 c7 c7 80 97 e2 84 e8 75 c5 e9 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 2b ff ff ff e8 f6 de 5f ff e9 9e fe ff ff e8 7c df
RSP: 0018:ffff88806cf08e20 EFLAGS: 00010286
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff8139de70
RDX: ffff888013708000 RSI: ffffffff8139de7e RDI: 0000000000000001
RBP: 7ffffffffffff680 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed100d9e4801
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff8880205bdb80
R13: ffff8880205bdba0 R14: 0000000000000002 R15: 0000000000000003
FS:  00007f393fe568c0(0000) GS:ffff8880e56dd000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007ffe6b045000 CR3: 000000000d689000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0
Call Trace:
 <IRQ>
 rcu_core+0x7c8/0x1800
 handle_softirqs+0x1b1/0x770
 __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100
 irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x20
 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x70/0x80
 </IRQ>
 <TASK>
 asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20
RIP: 0010:do_dentry_open+0xa7d/0x1420
Code: fa 44 89 73 6c 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 48 c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 51 08 00 00 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 49 8b 2f <48> 8d 7d 30 48 89 fa 48 c1 ea 03 80 3c 02 00 0f 85 6e 08 00 00 48
RSP: 0018:ffff888016327a20 EFLAGS: 00000246
RAX: dffffc0000000000 RBX: ffff88803c8701c0 RCX: ffffffff81b419c1
RDX: 1ffff1100324e3f8 RSI: ffffffff81b419d3 RDI: ffff88803c87022c
RBP: ffff888019271da0 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffed10015a4fc2
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: ffff88803c870200 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: ffff888019271fc0
 vfs_open+0x82/0x3f0
 path_openat+0x1c3f/0x2880
 do_filp_open+0x1e8/0x450
 do_sys_openat2+0x104/0x1b0
 __x64_sys_openat+0x142/0x200
 do_syscall_64+0xbf/0x360
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f3940305be7
Code: 25 00 00 41 00 3d 00 00 41 00 74 47 64 8b 04 25 18 00 00 00 85 c0 75 6b 44 89 e2 48 89 ee bf 9c ff ff ff b8 01 01 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 00 f0 ff ff 0f 87 95 00 00 00 48 8b 4c 24 28 64 48 2b 0c 25
RSP: 002b:00007ffc5c86cb30 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000101
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00005651429bbfa0 RCX: 00007f3940305be7
RDX: 0000000000080000 RSI: 00007ffc5c86cd70 RDI: 00000000ffffff9c
RBP: 00007ffc5c86cd70 R08: 0000000000000008 R09: 0000000000000001
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000080000
R13: 00005651429bbfa0 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 00005651429a8da0
 </TASK>
irq event stamp: 12792918
hardirqs last  enabled at (12792926): [<ffffffff81541b18>] __up_console_sem+0x78/0x80
hardirqs last disabled at (12792935): [<ffffffff81541afd>] __up_console_sem+0x5d/0x80
softirqs last  enabled at (12791728): [<ffffffff813bafcc>] handle_softirqs+0x50c/0x770
softirqs last disabled at (12792223): [<ffffffff813bb364>] __irq_exit_rcu+0xc4/0x100
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff8880205bdb80 pointer offset 0 size 64
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff8880205bdc00 pointer offset 0 size 64
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu: percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu(): percpu_ref underflow slab kmalloc-64 start ffff88801e60e680 pointer offset 0 size 64
----------------
Code disassembly (best guess):
   0:	fa                   	cli
   1:	44 89 73 6c          	mov    %r14d,0x6c(%rbx)
   5:	48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 	movabs $0xdffffc0000000000,%rax
   c:	fc ff df
   f:	48 c1 ea 03          	shr    $0x3,%rdx
  13:	80 3c 02 00          	cmpb   $0x0,(%rdx,%rax,1)
  17:	0f 85 51 08 00 00    	jne    0x86e
  1d:	48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 	movabs $0xdffffc0000000000,%rax
  24:	fc ff df
  27:	49 8b 2f             	mov    (%r15),%rbp
* 2a:	48 8d 7d 30          	lea    0x30(%rbp),%rdi <-- trapping instruction
  2e:	48 89 fa             	mov    %rdi,%rdx
  31:	48 c1 ea 03          	shr    $0x3,%rdx
  35:	80 3c 02 00          	cmpb   $0x0,(%rdx,%rax,1)
  39:	0f 85 6e 08 00 00    	jne    0x8ad
  3f:	48                   	rex.W